7 February 2025

 

AVO report

ALASKA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY INFORMATION STATEMENT
U.S. Geological Survey
Thursday, February 6, 2025, 4:55 PM AKST (Friday, February 7, 2025, 01:55 UTC)

SPURR (VNUM #313040)
61°17'56" N 152°15'14" W, Summit Elevation 11070 ft (3374 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY
Current Aviation Color Code: YELLOW

Summary
Volcanic unrest continues at Mount Spurr, an ice- and snow-covered volcano located on the west side of Cook Inlet approximately 75 miles (120 km) west of Anchorage. The most likely cause is new magma beneath the volcano.

The duration (10 months) and nature of the unrest suggest that an eruption is possible. The most likely site of an eruption is the Crater Peak vent, which erupted in 1992 and 1953. It is less likely that an eruption would occur from Spurr summit, which last erupted several thousand years ago. Past Crater Peak eruptions were often explosive, and far-traveled ash clouds and ashfall can be expected if an eruption occurs.

We expect to see additional seismic activity, gas emissions, and surface heating, as well as changes to surface deformation prior to an eruption, if one were to occur. Such stronger unrest may provide days to a few weeks of additional warning, but that is not certain.

AVO is undertaking repairs to the monitoring network this week to improve data return. The current data flow allows us to track activity and detect changes that would precede an eruption. An observation and gas measurement flight is scheduled for February 7. 

CENAPRED report

Cenapred monitoring reportJ
on the Popocatépetl volcano
February 7, 2025
February 7, 11:00 h (February 7, 17:00 GMT)

Activity in the last 24 hours

72 exhalations were detected, accompanied by water vapor and volcanic gases (image 1) . Additionally, 138 minutes of high-frequency tremor and 95 minutes of harmonics, both of low amplitude, were recorded.

During the morning and at the time of this report, a light emission of water vapor and volcanic gases was observed in a southeasterly direction (image 2) .

The Popocatépetl Volcanic Alert Traffic Light is in Yellow Phase 2.

HVO report

HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY MONTHLY UPDATE
U.S. Geological Survey
Thursday, February 6, 2025, 11:18 AM HST (Thursday, February 6, 2025, 21:18 UTC)

OFU-OLOSEGA (VNUM #244010)
14°10'30" S 169°37'5" W, Summit Elevation 2096 ft (639 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL
Current Aviation Color Code: GREEN

No significant activity was detected at Ofu-Olosega Volcano during the past month. The USGS National Earthquake Information Center reported no earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or greater in the vicinity of the volcano.

Background: The islands of Ofu and Olosega in Manuʻa Islands of eastern American Samoa, with a combined length of 6 kilometers (3.7 miles), are separated by a narrow strait. The islands are formed by two eroded, coalescing basaltic shield volcanoes whose slopes dip to the east and west. The Nuʻutele tuff cone, forming a small crescent-shaped island immediately off the west end of Ofu, is of Holocene age (less than 11,650 years). A submarine eruption occurred in 1866, 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) southeast of Olosega, along the Samoan Ridge between Olosega and Taʻu Island. From: https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=244010

More Information: https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/ofu-olosega

TA'U ISLAND (VNUM #244001)
14°13'48" S 169°27'14" W, Summit Elevation 3054 ft (931 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL
Current Aviation Color Code: GREEN

No significant activity was detected at Taʻū Volcano during the past month. The USGS National Earthquake Information Center reported no earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or greater in the vicinity of the volcano. Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument on Taʻū Island recorded no significant vertical deformation.

Background: In Manuʻa Islands of eastern American Samoa, Taʻū Island is the top of a shield volcano, most of which is beneath the ocean. The volcano has a summit caldera, though landslides have removed the southern part of the caldera. Two rift zones are present on Taʻū, one to the northeast and one to the northwest. The northwest rift zone aligns with the Samoan Ridge, a predominantly submarine feature formed by volcanic activity associated with the Samoa hotspot, which is currently located at the Vailulu‘u seamount 40 kilometers (25 miles) east of Ta‘ū Island. The islands of Ta‘ū and Ofu-Olosega are situated on the crest of the Samoan Ridge. A submarine eruption occurred in 1866 on the Samoan Ridge between Ta‘ū and Ofu-Olosega. 

More Information: https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/ta-u-island

TUTUILA ISLAND (VNUM #244020)
14°17'42" S 170°42' W, Summit Elevation 2142 ft (653 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL
Current Aviation Color Code: GREEN

No significant activity was detected at Tutuila Volcano during the past month. The USGS National Earthquake Information Center reported no earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or greater in the vicinity of the volcano.

Background: Tutuila Island is an elongated and eroded group of five Pliocene-to-Pleistocene-aged volcanoes constructed along two or three rifts trending south-southwest to north-northeast. The Leone Volcanics, in the southernmost part of the island, represent the youngest eruption deposits. Eruptions occurred during the Holocene (less than 11,650 years ago) along a 5-kilometer (3-mile) north-to-south trending fissure, forming a group of initially submarine tuff cones and subsequent subaerial cinder cones that produced fresh-looking pāhoehoe lava flows. An ash layer overlying a cultural deposit in the southwestern part of the island was radiocarbon dated at 440 ± 200 CE (Addison et al., 2006). From: https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=244020

More Information: https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/tutuila-island

Aditional Resources
Volcano Alert Levels and Aviation Color Codes in Samoan: https://www.usgs.gov/media/files/volcano-aviation-codes-and-alert-levels-english-and-samoan
Volcano Hazards in the Pacific U.S. Territories https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/fs20193036
NOAA National Weather Service Pago Pago https://www.weather.gov/ppg/

IGEPN report

GEOPHYSICAL INSTITUTE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL
Campus Ing. José Rubén Orellana
DAILY REPORT OF THE SANGAY VOLCANO No. 2025-038
Quito, Friday, February 07, 2025
From (Date & Time): 2025-02-06 11:00:00 To (Date & Time): 2025-02-07 11:00:00

Activity Level
Superficial: Moderate   - Surface Trend: No Change
Internal: Moderate -  Internal Trend: No Change

Seismicity
The count of seismic events recorded at the reference station is detailed below.
Explosion: (EXP) 20

 Lluvias / Lahares
No rains were recorded. ** Heavy rains could remobilize accumulated material and generate mudflows with debris (lahars), which could descend the flanks of the volcano and flow into adjacent rivers. *

Emission / ash column:
Due to weather conditions, it has not been possible to observe gas or ash emissions using the camera system or the GOES-16 satellite system. For its part, the Washington VAAC agency has also not published activity reports for this volcano.

Gases:
The Mounts satellite system reported 4.2 tons of SO2 measured at 13h11 TL on 06/02/2025

Observation:
Despite the cloudiness in the sector, in the early hours of today incandescence was observed at the level of the crater. As of the time of closing this report, the volcano remains completely cloudy

EL REVENTADOR VOLCANO DAILY REPORT No. 2025-038
Quito, Friday, February 07, 2025
From (Date & Time): 2025-02-06 11:00:00 To (Date & Time): 2025-02-07 11:00:00

Activity Level
Superficial: High   - Surface Trend: No Change
Internal: Moderate -  Internal Trend: No Change

Seismicity:
The count of seismic events recorded at the reference station is detailed below.
Explosion (EXP) 101
Long Period (LP) 12
Emission Tremor (TREMI) 13
Harmonic Tremor  (TRARM)  6

Rainfall / Lahars
No rains were recorded in the area. **Heavy rains could remobilize accumulated material and generate mudflows with debris (lahars), which could descend the flanks of the volcano and flow into adjacent rivers.*

Emission / ash column
Yesterday afternoon, through surveillance cameras, several emissions of gas and ash were recorded, which reached heights between 200 and 1000 meters above the level of the crater, in a west, northwest and southwest direction. In relation to this activity, the Washington VAAC agency published 4 reports of ash clouds with a height of 700 meters above the level of the crater in west and northwest directions

Observation
During the night and early morning, several episodes of descent of incandescent material down the southeastern flank up to 900 meters below the level of the crater were visualized through the cameras. At the close of this report, the volcano remains cloudy

INSIVUMEH REPORT

Daily bulletin of volcanology
Updated by Edgar Roberto Merida Boogher on

PACAYA VOLCANO (1402-11)
Type of activity: Strombolian. Morphology: Composite volcano stratum.
Geographic location: 14°22'50˝ N latitude; 90°36'00˝ W longitude. Height: 2,552 masl.

Weather conditions: Clear. Wind: Northeast. Rainfall: 0.0 mm.

Activity : The Pacaya Volcano Observatory reports activity in the Mackenney cone crater, which consists of weak degassing of water vapor with other magmatic gases, expelling white to blue fumaroles to heights of 50 to 100 meters above the crater, which the wind displaces up to 1 kilometer in a southwesterly direction. No incandescence has been observed, nor have explosions or rumblings been heard. Seismic stations around the volcano record some degassing events and collapses or falls of blocks into the crater.

FUEGO (1402-11)
Type of activity: Vulcanian. Morphology: Composite volcano stratum.
Geographic location: 14°28'54˝ N latitude; 90°52'54˝ W longitude. Height: 3,763 m above sea level.

Weather conditions: Clear. Wind: East. Rainfall: 0.0 mm.

Activity: The Fuego Volcano Observatory reports volcanic activity, which consists of degassing that raises white columns (water vapor and other magmatic gases) to heights of up to 200 meters above the crater. The wind can also lift fine sediments accumulated in the ravines and form a curtain of ash on the southern flank of the volcano. During the night and early morning, incandescence was observed intermittently in the crater and its reflection in the degassing column. There have been no records or observations of explosions since January 19, only very weak exhalations due to degassing are observed and recorded. Seismic sensors do continue to record signals associated with the movement of gases and other fluids inside the volcanic conduit.

SANTIAGUITO VOLCANO (1402-03)
Type of activity: Pelean Morphology: Dacitic dome complex
Geographic location: 14 °44' 33˝ N Latitude; 91°34'13˝ W Longitude. Height: . 2,500 meters above sea level.

Weather conditions: Clear. Wind: East. Rainfall: 0.0 mm.

Activity: The Santa María-Santiaguito Volcanic Complex Observatory reports volcanic activity at the Caliente Dome, which consists of weak white-colored degassing with columns of water vapor and other magmatic gases at heights of 250 to 400 meters above the dome, as well as weak to moderate explosions that occur at a rate of 1 to 3 per hour, which raise columns of gases and ash up to 700 meters high above the Caliente Dome, moving westward. During the early morning, incandescence was observed on the dome of the dome and on the promontory above the lava flow, also due to the detachment of blocks towards the southwest and south flanks caused by some explosions. The extrusion of lava in blocks continues to pile up material in an unstable manner on the promontory located above the lava flow on the southwest flank. The detachment of these blocks may generate some short-range pyroclastic flows on the southwest flank. A weak fall of ash particles could be recorded in the areas located to the west of the domes, between San Marcos Palajunoj and San Martín Sacatepéquez. The activity remains at a high level, so the possibility of generating long-range pyroclastic flows to the southwest, south and southeast remains.

KVERT report

KVERT DAILY REPORT
Kamchatkan and Kuriles Volcanic Activity
February 06, 2025, all time is UTC

SHEVELUCH VOLCANO (CAVW #300270)
56.64 N, 161.32 E; Elevation 3283 m (10768 ft), the dome elevation ~2500 m (8200 ft)
Aviation Colour Code is ORANGE

A growth of the lava dome of the Young Sheveluch volcano, and the 300 years of RAS (the Russian Academy of Sciences) lava dome on the southwestern slope of the Old Sheveluch volcano continues. A growth of the domes is accompanied by powerful gas-steam activity. Satellite data by KVERT showed thermal anomalies over the both lava domes.

BEZYMIANNY VOLCANO (CAVW #300250)
55.97 N, 160.6 E; Elevation 2882 m (9453 ft)
Aviation Colour Code is ORANGE

An effusive eruption of the volcano continues. Satellite data by KVERT showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano, and a gas-steam plume extended about 13 km to the west-south-west from the volcano.

KARYMSKY VOLCANO (CAVW #300130)
54.05 N, 159.44 E; Elevation 1486 m (4874 ft)
Aviation Colour Code is ORANGE

A moderate activity of the volcano continues. Satellite data by KVERT showed the volcano was obscured by clouds.

MAGMA report

Ibu,
Friday - February 07, 2025, period 00:00-24:00 WIT
Created by, M. Richard Chaniago
Level III (Alert)

Visual Observation
The volcano is clearly visible until covered by Fog 0-III. Observed white main crater smoke with thin to moderate intensity about 100-200 meters high from the peak. The weather is sunny to cloudy, light to moderate winds to the east, southeast and northwest.

Earthquake Observation
68 times Eruption earthquakes with an amplitude of 12-28 mm, and an earthquake duration of 43-107 seconds.
49 times Gust earthquake with amplitude 2-17 mm, and earthquake duration 14-60 seconds.
14 times Harmonic with amplitude 2-16 mm, and earthquake duration 22-191 seconds.
130 times Shallow Volcanic earthquakes with amplitudes of 2-11 mm, and earthquake durations of 4-19 seconds.
6 times Distant Tectonic earthquakes with amplitude of 2-26 mm, SP not observed and earthquake duration 46-116 seconds.

Lewotobi Laik-Laki,
Friday - February 07, 2025, period 00:00-24:00 WITA
Created by, Emanuel Rofinus Bere, A.Md.Kom.
Level III (Alert)

Visual Observation
The volcano is clearly visible until covered by Fog 0-III. Observed white smoke from the main crater with a high thick intensity of about 100-300 meters from the peak. The weather is sunny to rainy, with weak winds to the north and northeast.

Earthquake Observation
1 eruption earthquake with an amplitude of 29.6 mm, and an earthquake duration of 90 seconds.
27 times Gust earthquake with amplitude 2.9-29.6 mm, and earthquake duration 25-163 seconds.
3 times Harmonic with amplitude 7.4-10.5 mm, and earthquake duration 23-81 seconds.
1 local tectonic earthquake with an amplitude of 14.8 mm, SP 7.6 seconds and an earthquake duration of 22 seconds.
9 times Distant Tectonic earthquakes with amplitude of 3.7-22.2 mm, SP 13-102 seconds and earthquake duration of 44-281 seconds.

Merapi,
Friday - February 07, 2025, period 00:00-24:00 WIB
Created by, Yulianto
Level III (Alert)

Visual Observation
The volcano is clearly visible until covered by Fog 0-III. Observed white main crater smoke with thin, medium to thick intensity about 10-15 meters high from the peak. The weather is sunny to rainy, calm to moderate winds to the east and west.

Other Information
Observed lava avalanches 11 times towards Kali Bebeng, Kali Krasak, Kali Sat with a maximum sliding distance of 1600 meters.

Earthquake Observation
145 times Avalanche earthquakes with amplitude of 1-19 mm and earthquake duration of 25.69-205.65 seconds.
34 times Hybrid/Multi-Phase earthquakes with amplitude of 2-8 mm, SP 0.2-0.6 seconds and earthquake duration of 7.45-14.57 seconds.
1 distant tectonic earthquake with an amplitude of 11.6 mm, SP not observed and earthquake duration 273.07 seconds.

Anak Krakatau,
Friday - February 7, 2025, period 00:00-24:00 WIB
Created by, Ade Yasser Akhmad Purwata
Level II (Alert)

Visual Observation
The volcano is clearly visible until covered by Fog 0-III. Observed white main crater smoke with thin intensity about 5-10 meters from the peak. The weather is sunny to rainy, light to moderate winds to the northeast and southeast.

Earthquake Observation
2 times Hybrid/Multi-Phase earthquakes with amplitude of 26-31 mm, SP not observed and earthquake duration 5-8 seconds.
1 Continuous Tremor earthquake with amplitude of 1-12 mm, dominant 3 mm.

NMI report

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS WEEKLY UPDATE
U.S. Geological Survey
Friday, February 7, 2025, 8:04 AM ChST (Thursday, February 6, 2025, 22:04 UTC)
Report prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey.

NORTHERN MARIANAS VOLCANOES

Minor unrest at Ahyi Seamount continues. No other eruptive activity or significant unrest was detected at the Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week. 

Monitoring of Northern Mariana Islands Volcanoes

Northern Mariana Island volcanoes are monitored using seismo-acoustic sensors on Saipan, and by examining satellite imagery. We also use distant seismic stations in Guam and Chichijima, Japan, and hydroacoustic data from Wake Island, when available. 

This level of monitoring can detect significant volcanic activity in the CNMI but cannot provide advanced warning of eruptions.

Due to a lack of geophysical monitoring on any of the volcanic islands, all volcanoes have alert levels of UNASSIGNED. This includes Anatahan, Sarigan, Farallon de Pajaros, Supply Reef, Maug, Asuncion, Agrigan, Pagan, Almagan, and Guguan.

AHYI SEAMOUNT (VNUM #284141)
20°25'12" N 145°1'48" E, Summit Elevation -259 ft (-79 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY
Current Aviation Color Code: YELLOW

Unrest at Ahyi Seamount continues. Minor activity from the direction of Ahyi was detected in hydroacoustic array data at Wake Island on February 3 and 5. A satellite image showed a plume of discolored water in the vicinity of Ahyi on February 1, indicating possible submarine activity. Similar, weak activity at Ahyi Seamount has been observed in satellite imagery off and on extending back to August 5, 2024.  

There are no local monitoring stations near Ahyi seamount, which limits our ability to detect and characterize volcanic unrest there. We will continue to monitor satellite and distant hydroacoustic data closely for additional evidence for, or escalation of, volcanic activity.

PHIVOLCS report

 KANLAON VOLCANO 24-hour monitoring summary (from 12AM yesterday to 12AM today)
Date: 07 February 2025 (High activity)
ALERT LEVEL 3

Eruption
1 eruption (2 minutes long)

Seismicity
35 volcanic earthquakes

Sulfur Dioxide Flux
2249 tons/day (06 February 2025, before eruption)

Plume
600 meters high, Thick; Continuous evaporation and periodic ash fall; drifted south and west

Ground Deformation
Volcanic Eruption

SGC report

Weekly newsletter
COLOMBIAN GEOLOGICAL SERVICE
1 Popayán, February 4, 2025, 3:30 p. m.
Puracé Volcano - Los Coconucos volcanic chain 

From the monitoring of the activity of the Puracé volcano - Los Coconucos volcanic chain, the Colombian Geological Service (SGC), an entity attached to the Ministry of Mines and Energy, reports that: 

During the week between January 28 and February 3, 2025, seismic activity showed an increase in the number of events, as reported in the extraordinary bulletin of February 2 at 10.30 a.m. m. The earthquakes related to rock fracturing occurred at depths between 1 and 3 km under the crater of the Puracé volcano, with a maximum recorded magnitude of 1.7, corresponding to an earthquake that occurred at 5:00 p.m. (local time) on February 1. The fluid events had depths less than 1 km, located under the crater of the Puracé volcano. Of the latter, the recording of a continuous tremor signal on January 30 and 31 and February 1, with low energy input, stands out. 

Calculated sulfur dioxide (SO₂) flux values ​​remain above baseline levels. The slow deformation process continues to be recorded between the volcanic edifices of Puracé, Piocollo and Curiquinga. 

In the images captured by the visible and infrared spectrum web cameras, no changes were observed in the fumarotic fields. Additionally, degassing processes were observed in the lateral fumarole of the Puracé volcano crater and in the system of cracks and cavities that extends between the Curiquinga and Piocollo volcanoes. 

In a state of Yellow alert, phenomena such as sporadic emissions of ash (minor eruptions) may occur, the scope and effects of which are restricted and the dispersion of the ash depends on the direction of the wind, presence of some incandescence, small explosions in the crater, low-energy thermal anomalies, noise, felt earthquakes, odors, precipitation of elemental sulfur in the vicinity of the crater and in hot springs and fumaroles, degassing in areas other than the crater. Also formation of cracks and occurrence of minor lahars. 

Based on the above, the SGC recommends carefully monitoring the evolution of volcanic activity through weekly bulletins and other information published in official channels, as well as following the instructions of local and departmental authorities and the National Unit for Disaster Risk Management (UNGRD).

The state of alert for volcanic activity remains in a state of Yellow alert: Active volcano with changes in the behavior of the base level of the monitored parameters and other manifestations.

Weekly bulletin
COLOMBIAN GEOLOGICAL SERVICE
San Juan de Pasto, February 4, 2025, 2:55 p. m.
Chiles and Cerro Negro Volcanoes

From the monitoring of the activity of the Chiles and Cerro Negro volcanoes, the Colombian Geological Service (SGC), an entity attached to the Ministry of Mines and Energy, reports that

In the week between January 28 and February 3, 2025, the activity of the volcanoes showed a decrease in its main parameters. In relation to the previous week, the most notable variations were

A decrease was observed, both in the occurrence and in the seismic energy released. The predominance of seismicity related to rock fractures within volcanic systems and a smaller number of earthquakes associated with fluid movement continued. 

The earthquakes associated with rock fracture in the volcanic buildings were located in two main sources: the first in the area called the collapse zone of the Chiles volcano, extending from its summit, approximately 2 km to the north and with depths between 2.5 and 3.5 km with respect to the summit of the volcano (4700 m a.s.l.). The second source was located in the eastern sector of the Cerro Negro volcano with distances between 1 and 4 km, depths around 4 km from its summit and maximum magnitude of 1.0. 

Instruments that record cortical deformation and satellite remote sensors continue to show changes related to an inflationary process in this volcanic area.

Based on the above, from the SGC we recommend carefully monitoring its evolution through weekly bulletins and other information published by our official channels, as well as the instructions of local and departmental authorities and the National Unit for Disaster Risk Management (UNGRD).

Volcanic activity remains in a state of Yellow alert active volcano with changes in the behavior of the base level of the monitored parameters and other manifestations.